Tailoring Light Emission with Metasurfaces
Jean-Jacques Greffet, Laboratoire Charles Fabry, Institut d'Optique Graduate School, Université Paris-Saclay, France
Quantum Optical Heat Machines: Engines, Refrigerators, Transistors
Gershon Kurizki, Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel
Abstract
A large number of light sources such as LEDs or incandescent sources operate in the spontaneous emission regime. In this regime, the microscopic emission events are uncorrelated leading to emission of incoherent fields with uncontrolled emission dynamics. In the case of a single emitter such as an atom or a molecule, it is known that spontaneous emission can be modified by coupling the emitter to a cavity or resonant nanoantenna. In this talk, we consider tailoring light emission by a macroscopic ensemble of thermalized emitters by coupling them to a resonant metasurface. We will discuss how to control spatial coherence, temporal coherence and time dynamics of the emission of this ensemble.
Abstract
The upsurge of interest in the field known as quantum thermodynamics (QTD) has not yet resolved the key issue: Are there truly advantageous quantum resources that can boost the performance of thermodynamic (TD) machines? The resolution of this issue requires a grasp of the principles and bounds that rule quantum machines powered by heat[1]. To this end, we invoke the work-capacity of quantum states[2] and propose a quantum-optical procedure for its conversion via coherent control and quantum measurements[3] into work. This procedure may allow us to maximize the work extractable from heat machines, as well as operate them as quantum heat transistors or heat diodes. The inverse regime of such machines entails cold-bath refrigeration [4] by heat transfer to a hotter bath. We find that, contrary to common claims, quantum advantage in machines[5] is very hard to come by. We have identified such an advantage, obtained by driving the working medium at a fast rate compatible with the non-Markovian anti-Zeno regime[6-7]. This quantum advantage is manifest by a nearly 10-fold boost in power output. Ongoing experimental efforts to implement the foregoing schemes will be surveyed.
References:
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[2] W. Niedenzu, V. Mukherjee, A. Ghosh, A.G. Kofman, and G. Kurizki, Nat. Commun. 9, 165 (2018): 99 citations; NJP 18, 083012 (2016): 80 citations.
[3] T. Opatrný, G. Kurizki, and D.-G. Welsch, Phys. Rev. A 61, 032302 (2000): 393 citations.
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[5] G.Kurizki et al, PNAS 112, 3866 (2015): 425 citations.
[6] N. Erez, G. Gordon, M. Nest, and G. Kurizki, Nature 452, 724 (2008): 198 citations; A.G. Kofman and G. Kurizki, Nature 405, 546 (2000): 519 citations.
[7] V.Mukherjee, A.G. Kofman and G. Kurizki, Commun. Phys. 3, 1 (2020).